to slow or otherwise interfere with the progress of something, to block something from happening;
e.g. The change in his schedule will short-circuit their plans.
(verb)
to bypass something and avoid it by using an alternate route, or to cause something to do this;
e.g. If you take this road, you can short-circuit the traffic in the city.
(verb)
to set up a connection in an electric circuit that creates an alternative path of lower resistance than the primary connection, or to have current diverted through such a low-resistance connection;
e.g. His mistake caused the device to short-circuit and get irreparably damaged.